Quantum Internet is about 1 km, 240 bps, bits per second, qbe less than 7%, that is, quantum bit error less than 7% and free space. These are some big words that you can see. Today we will understand these words. But if we talk in very simple terms, then DRDO and IIT Delhi have come up with something that does not require any cables in the air. Only photons will be emitted. Photons are the particles that make up light. So we will discard those particles by entanglement. Now what is this tangle? So guys, when we talk about entanglement, Albert Einstein comes to mind. Why? Because it was difficult for him to understand what quantum entanglement is? Friends, understand it very simply. Suppose you have two dice, that is, you have a pair of dice.
And there is some kind of relationship between them that if you give me a dice. Here, in front of the camera, I roll that dice and the other dice is with you and you’re off into interstellar space. Far away from here is a giant black hole. And when I roll the dice here and it comes up a six, instantly wherever you are, whether you’re across the galaxy, whether you’re on the other side of the universe or you’ve reached another universe, if your dice and mine roll, your dice will immediately come up a six. That is, your dice will know which number came on my dice. Now this is what Albert Einstein called Spooky Action at a Distance. He could not believe how it is possible? Are we missing something here? Is there a variable that we don’t know about but that is passing this information from here to there? So guys, this is a strange quantum phenomenon that today’s video is based entirely on. In this video, we are going to see the same. DRDO and IIT Delhi and earlier ISRO also achieved this and showed that we produce two photons. Both are bound in such a magical relationship that we have a photon. If I give you a second photon, you will know what action I have as soon as I change this photon. Now if one disturbs this thing in between, the laws of physics itself will not allow this mischief to happen. How? The laws of physics say that unless you read a quantum state, i.e. the state of a photon, the photon can be in any state. Suppose I say the state is zero or one. So if I say zero and one are two states, like we have bits, similarly if I say zero or one state, unless I read it I can’t tell if it’s zero or one or it’s some other mystery. It’s a little bit zero and a little bit one. Now I have created two such photons. I gave one to you and kept one for myself. Now when I touch that photon, what is your value? So when the photon tells me that by definition I is zero, your photon value will also be zero. This is quantum entanglement.
So when this information is passed and in between when I send that photon to your side, if someone wants to read that photon or tamper with that photon, in the process of reading it and tampering with it, he will ask for its value. As soon as he asked the price, I knew someone had touched the photon. Someone tried to read it. Now if the value of that photon becomes one, say, my photon value will also become one. So I’ll know if anyone has bothered with it. That means you cannot hack this communication. Physics doesn’t allow it. a part The theorem of physics here is the no cloning theorem. That means you can’t create a copy of any quantum situation without disturbing the odd combination of zeros and ones. If you try to copy one, you will make a mistake and you will be caught. So it was done by DRD and IT Delhi together and earlier ISRO also did it. Now let’s see in detail friends. Let’s try to understand this thing further. So here, this is what I am talking about quantum entanglement. These are two quantum particles. They can be anything. The experiment just performed uses photons. So suppose these are two photons and there is a mysterious connection between them. This is what we call quantum entanglement. And that’s it. it happens What is the reason for this? Why does this happen? It’s a ghostly accelerator distance but it happens. Now you send this photon to one end of the Milky Way galaxy and send this photon to the other end. Whatever changes you make to it, it will receive that communication. Now here is a question that will come to your mind. Does it get immediate? Like this. Faster than these friends. So now the second question will come to your mind.
So we know that nothing can go faster than the speed of light. So if we talk about milky way galaxy then the width of milky way galaxy is 1 lakh light years. That is, a typical photon of light will take 1 lakh years to travel from one end to the other and the speed of a photon is 3*10 to energy 8 meters per second. So a photon traveling this fast will get from here to here in 1 lakh years. When you say that I disturb this entangled photon and make it a. If I set it to one, then this trapped photon will also automatically become one. Faster than that. So how did that information arrive? This is a problem that even Albert Einstein could not understand. And it’s ghostly action at a distance. But it happens guys. It’s true. It is absolutely true. ok Now let’s see some information about what the countries of the world are doing. So clearly China is the fastest in this race. China has demonstrated satellite-based quantum communications between 2017 and 2021. And they sent their information through quantum encryption to two different stations 1200 km apart and locked that information with these photos. Then they send the key through these photos so that no one else can get hold of it. Then when that data was opened with the same key, there was a photo that was locked in this special method called quantum secure data. China then conducted ground-based demonstrations from 10 to 50 km from 2019 to 2022. And they want to build a total of 2000 kilometers of quantum networks for which they did it. A quantum communication network in Vienna, Austria has demonstrated that we can send our information securely by sending photons 1.6 km through the air. You must have heard the name of Los Alamos Laboratory in USA many times. So, at the Los Alamos laboratory, they demonstrated 1 to 10 km communication with fiber and air, that is, quantum fiber and free space air.